Care
The American Collie's coat is not nearly as high-maintenance as some might assume when looking at it. But of course, it still requires a certain amount of grooming, especially with the long-haired variety. Outside of the change of coat, it is usually sufficient for unneutered Collies to be combed thoroughly every one to two weeks. Depending on the coat structure, even longer intervals are possible. Daily combing is rather harmful, as it tends to remove too much undercoat over time. The desirable, harsh outer coat has a certain dirt-repellent effect. Dirt that clings to them from walks on damp paths tends to fall off them once they dry. Many also like to lick their paws clean after a walk, much like cats do when they are wet and dirty. Furthermore, many adult Collies also like to take care of themselves, so they usually don't get too dirty.
It is advisable to get puppies and young dogs accustomed to regular grooming. Rake combs with long, smooth, flexible, rotatable tines, e.g. made of stainless steel, have proven to be effective for removing even loose undercoat. It's best to comb in layers, e.g. starting from the belly with a small amount of fur while folding up the fur above. Then gradually add a piece of the fur above it and work your way up. This way avoids undesirable hair pulling and you can safely remove everything that needs to come out. For a quick brushing to make the top coat look nice, you can also use a nubs hair brush. There are also special brushes for long-haired breeds for brushing up before a dog show. While the latter is easy to do with the dog standing up, for normal grooming it is usually more pleasant for both human and dog, if you lay the dog e.g. on a waxed tablecloth on the couch. Some Collies enjoy it so much that they doze off on it. With a young dog, you can combine petting and combing. It's also proven effective to give a special treat (e.g. a chew stick) after a successful grooming session, thus establishing a positive association from the beginning on.
When the Collies are enjoying their petting on the couch in the evening, you can also feel everything and remove any souvenirs from the walk. And when you notice that you can't reach everywhere with your fingers, you know it is time for the next combing. Pay attention to the fine hairs behind and below the ears. Always remove awns immediately, as they can otherwise pierce the skin. Keeping the fur on and under the paws short will prevent clumps of mud or snow. Otherwise, it's best to leave the coat as it is.
It's important to note that most neutered Collies are prone to unwanted coat changes. The undercoat then tends to change its structure, making it difficult to comb, often an unpleasant procedure for both dog and owner, even with Collies that previously enjoyed being combed. Grooming also needs to be done more often, as many neutered dogs tend to shed throughout the year, in addition to the regular coat changing. The changed coat structure also means that the coat tends to stick to the skin when wet, like wet jeans. And most importantly, excess body heat can no longer be dissipated effectively in higher temperatures. While the well-groomed coat of unneutered Collies has a more protective effect.
Some Collies are prone to tartar, especially when fed ready-made food and treats. Brushing their teeth, for example, with a good ultrasonic toothbrush, can help. If their claws aren't worn down well, they should be trimmed regularly;, especially as they get older, they shouldn't be neglected. Their ears should also be checked regularly.